Van Gölü Havzası Urartu Dönemi Yol Güzergahları Yüzey Araştırması Ön Raporu (2017-2018): Muradiye ve Tuşba İlçeleri

For about two-hundred-fifty years between the mid-9th - early 6th centuries BC, Urartian Kingdom established its hegemony in Eastern Anatolia and neighboring regions of Northwestern Iran, Nakhchivan, Armenia, as most influential political, military, economic power time. Despite rugged geography rough climatic conditions this mountainous terrain, Urartu thrived by developing a centralized administrative state apparatus. excelled many areas state-building, including road networks. Particularly textual sources supporting archaeological evidence demonstrate importance networks for state. Surveys Tushba Muradiye districts have allowed us to identify main route northern capital road, which continues north reaches Plain, an alternative that follows Karasu Stream valley towards Plain. An eastern route, enabled kingdom exert control goes through Özalp district Van province across modern border Iran Hoy Salmas. These auxiliary routes along deep canyons developed over time suggest had intricate security web dominion.